Intramuscular haloperidol 5 mg produced a more rapid fall in systolic blood pressure in six subjects, compared with 12 subjects who did not receive haloperidol. However, pulse rate did not change in the schizophrenic group and only increased after 3 hours in the controls.
Blood pressure increased in both amphetamine groups, whereas placebo had no effect.
The cardiovascular response to an oral dose of d-amfetamine 0.5 mg/kg has been determined in 81 subjects with schizophrenia, 8 healthy controls who took amfetamine, and 7 subjects with schizophrenia who took a placebo. As with intravenous amphetamines, cardiomyopathy, cardiomegaly, and pulmonary edema have been reported with smoking of crystal metamfetamine. Amfetamine acutely administered to men with a history of amfetamine abuse enhanced the pressor effects of tyramine and noradrenaline, while continuous amfetamine led to tolerance of the pressor response to tyramine. Tachycardia, dysrhythmias, and a rise in blood pressure have been described after the administration of centrally acting sympathomimetic amines. Aronson MA, DPhil, MBChB, FRCP, HonFBPhS, HonFFPM, in Meyler's Side Effects of Drugs, 2016 Cardiovascular Chronic exposure may lead to severe damage to dopaminergic and serotoninergic neurons. Methamphetamine has a high potential for abuse. Methamphetamine has effects similar to amphetamine, although CNS effects are more pronounced and peripheral ones are less prominent. The acute toxic effects of amphetamine (tremor, irritability, insomnia, confusion, anxiety, delirium, and hallucinations) are extension of the pharmacological effects and may be due to an increased release of serotonin from nerve terminals, or to direct effects on serotoninergic neurons. Most of amphetamine's effects are believed to be due to its ability to stimulate the release of biogenic amines (norepinephrine and dopamine) from their storage sites in the nerve terminals. Main effects of acute administration are wakefulness, decreased sense of fatigue, elevation of mood, and increased ability to concentrate. Aschner, in Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences (Second Edition), 2014 AbstractĪmphetamine has powerful central nervous system (CNS) stimulant actions, in addition to peripheral actions typical of indirect sympathomimetic drugs. Usual daily dosage range: 5–60 mg/24 hr in divided doses. Incremental doses may be administered with the first dose at awakening and subsequent doses (5 or 10 mg) spaced at 4–6 hr intervals. ≥13 yr and adult: 10 mg QAM increase by 10 mg/24 hr at weekly intervals until desired response. Immediate release tabs (Evekeo and generics PO):Ħ–12 yr: 5 mg QAM increase by 5 mg/24 hr at weekly intervals until desired response. If converting from Adderall XR, see dosage equivalent information in Adzenys XR-ODT product information. ≥6 yr and adolescent: Start at 2.5 or 5 mg/24 hr QAM increase by 2.5–10 mg/24 hr every 4–7 days until desired response up to a maximum doseĪ If converting from Adderall XR, see dosage equivalent information in Adzenys ER product information.Įxtended-release dispersible tabs (see how supplied section, earlier Adzenys XR-ODT PO):Ħ–17 yr: 6.3 mg/24 hr QAM increase by 3.1 or 6.3 mg/24 hr at weekly intervals until desired response. 6–17 yr: Start at 6.25 mg/24 hr QAM increase by 3.125–6.25 mg every 7 days until desired response up to the maximum dose